Doc 0000022009

.· ·--- ... .._ I. ._.. o . : ,,. ·- ;..-: . f: •I; -.j. -. . USE OF LINC-8 FOR EEQ DATA REDUCTION f - J.-. i :-.• . . \. ' r.-:: __ ..... ~- t· -· r.- . '" . . -. " . .. ~ - . 1/6-/67 i- I .[ f:. r t- r i t -~ t. !· .!.· ! . I I ·. . . • .. .. ·• . -------··-·d---· .. . T -:-."-.~ :·:"?". ;-· -. t : ·. ---~.~>!?s:. -I ;. .·· -- ~;;..,. ,- .... :.- ... _. i . !o"·; - ... - USE OF' LlNC-8 FOR EEG DATA REDUCTION l·: I. r Interpretation of EEG Waveforms for information relating to subject state has been an area o£ long· interest to people outside J·· I ~;the r.curophysiologicat· field. A dozen years ago, Norbert W~ene·r-eon.ducted inve-stigations of brain records. He sought to ,. . apply to EEG interpretationw some of the statistical communica4 tion theory developed by his circle at MIT. This tr.eory has been : • set !orth by Y. W. -~ee. 1 In 1954 Dr. Weiner was particularly :· interester\ in "a nominal 10 cps clock pulse" which he hypothe· sized, formed the basic timing for serial re:~order~g of the brain processing organization; he noted state differences associated with this pa~ of the spectr\Ull in different subjects. Det-!.Ulld speci!i,l;_s_!~!~stical reduction tec~ques are laid ~:~:·.~~:cks red~ction ~. a sic~ stat:~,;:al:opp;o~he !" etaS ·.j .. t . dealing wit:."l power spectral estimates, phase !unctions. auto covariance and cross covariance functions, transfer !unctions, j. 1 . coherency, etc~ He uses these descri;tors to determine signifi· l · .. eant factors associated with EEG responses. A large nwnber of J variables can be treated simultaneously. . i· The lattei- attacks the problem principally !rom a "period I.. . analy:ois11 sta.ndp,oint. The basic waveform is clipped and zero crossover inter:Vals are scrutinized. Similarly, the !i:st and ! second derivatives are processed for clipped periods. The inves tigator utilizes all three; of these on the same time base to examine .:.-• the spectrum for state evaluation. ..... ) ~ ,~,... The re!erences also give summaries o£ other recent tech niques appHed to EEG analysis. f.·. I! h intended here to present the results of a modest study l.. W7ie-i out on a_Jet of data furnished through the co~rtesy of Drs. ( \, The image is a dark background with large, stylized white text reading "THE BLACK VAULT" across the top. Below this title, smaller white text explains that the document was obtained from "The Black Vault," an online database of declassified government documents, specifically housing the MKULTRA/Mind Control Collection from the CIA. To the left of the text is a stylized illustration of a vault door, complete with a circular dial and locking mechanisms, colored in shades of gray and blue. The bottom of the page features a bright yellow URL: "http://mkultra.theblackvault.com". There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, signatures, official stamps, forms, diagrams, tables, redactions, or visual evidence of experimental procedures present on this page. The page contains a title, "USE OF LINC-8 FOR EEG DATA REDUCTION," with a date, "1/6/67," handwritten below it, enclosed in a box. There is also a circular annotation with the number "214" inside it. The document appears to be a title page or a cover sheet for a report, indicated by the title and date. The rest of the page is primarily filled with small black dots, suggesting a noisy scan or an older document with imperfections, and some faint markings that do not appear to be significant content. No photographs, diagrams, forms, or other specific visual content beyond the title and annotation are present. spectrum for state evaluation. ..... ) ~ ,~,... The re!erences also give summaries o£ other recent tech niques appHed to EEG analysis. f.·. I! h intended here to present the results of a modest study l.. W7ie-i out on a_Jet of data furnished through the co~rtesy of Drs. ( \, _ _. ___ Jtor educational purposes. The subject was I i .. I I .,j_ ! . , .. ---------~ ----------------------------~----~'~ .. .. -2- · _. f recorded. in three states, on 1/411 2 track, FM tape run at , 7 1/?."/sec as follows: (a/) Drowsy S min. (a-2) 1 kcps tone-' (b I) Alpha S min. (b-Z) u (cl) Light sleep and Alpha (c-Z) II ,E:diting_ and Reduction The tape was played into the A/0 ch2.nnels of the LINC -8 for editing. using the SCOPE-S program. The three S min~e samples were examined for gross characteristics. Comm.enu were as ;onows: (a) Drowsy: 30M60 second amplitude (long term) modulation was noted to be present in addition to the 7-10 cps dominant component band. (b) Aloha: more extreme excursion; less pro nounced long term modulation; pronounced short term modulation or beating. (c) Light Sleep: less pronounced excursions. The data was visually edited again and a run made to store the data. This is given in the colwnn·tabelled aun I of Table I. It was attempt~d to recover representative samples of high, inter mediate and low signal power. Block storage numbers are shown. Next the stored data was examined for spectral content using the program FRQANA; scope camera pictures w'!re takE"n for com paris"?n in matrix !orm for significant differences in the "·arious states. Repeats of data taking was next performed in Runs nand Ill. R.m Ill was sampled at a lower rate; this gives a longer sample interval. Next, selected blocks were differentiated once and stored in h .. .::ations corresponding to start point 100 ( 000 wave!orm. sample, 100 first derivative, etc.) wl; It feasible to make ce rta.in preliminary evaluations of the data. at this point. These were:' l. Signal content {or discrimination between states was highest for the high points of the lo:::ig term modulation. l. A finer frequency resolution was (1/Z cps) more relevant than the 1 cps resolution. Finally a set of runs were rna. de !or oscillosc-ope pictures to show the below format: l. sampled waveform z. frequency analysis of (1) 3. first derivative of The document is a typed page with a header and text body. There is a shaded area in the top left corner with a textured pattern. Two red horizontal lines are drawn across the page, one near the top and another near the bottom. There are several black dots scattered across the page, some appearing as ink specks and others possibly representing a low-quality scanned image. A single red vertical line is present on the extreme right edge of the page. Additionally, there are a few instances of what appear to be faint, handwritten marks or smudges. The text itself discusses EEG data reduction and statistical analysis techniques. high points of the lo:::ig term modulation. l. A finer frequency resolution was (1/Z cps) more relevant than the 1 cps resolution. Finally a set of runs were rna. de !or oscillosc-ope pictures to show the below format: l. sampled waveform z. frequency analysis of (1) 3. first derivative of (1) 4. frequency ana.lysis of (l) Results and Conclusions Figures 1, 2, and 3 show three representative outputs which appeared tentatively as "typical": 1. Drowsy: this is sample 060, 160 of the data, taken at a high point. The waveform is shown at the top: its spectrum is immediately below shown out to - , ~?at. piatea-u 32 cps. A dominant spike shows 9 cps; a 11 !rom 8-13 cps is pre sent. A 11characteristic hutnp showed up in the. region 14·20 cps • . z-. Alp~: this is sample 06Z. 162; a reduction of the hwnp at 14-20 cps was noted. A bifurcation or ·. "forking" appeared in the alpha region at the depression c.t 9 cps. This would explain the bea~ing or short term rnodulatio-.£. 3. Light Sleep and Alpha: this is sample 012. 172.; predominance of the alpha tones is noted with a general shift in energy to the lower end of the spectrum. For all three samples the first derivative spectrum shows -up as expected j namely, the 11bluing11 of the spectrwn by applying a derivative function. It would appear that a parametric stud'/ of BW, frequency, accenting !unctions {S, s2• etc.), examination of phase relation• ... _ ------ --,---- --- .. - .. .. : - .· ships, :!;'eduction techniques, and other processing would 'be meaningful. 'I'his might permit the design of real time EEG .J. analyzer which would not require a high level o£ training lo~ 'operation. ... .. .. ,,_ .......... ----·-r' ·-----• •• - . I --··-.. -- .. -~ . . . . . · :.,:~--~ -. .. -· ..... ,,~' - -- ~ .i · -/ ', .. . .,. . .. - ~ .;. •' ··.: ~ ~ -.· =··:.· ... ... _, REFERENCES MIT Report (I 181, Y. W. Lee .I ------- ~------..._.~ .: ,. ___ _ ---------------------------..----'~""'-,_, -. -·. .f- J .----r--------1-----------__,_ _______ .' -. ... ~-: - . 0 .. ~·' ... .... . ,_, ... \ . ~ '1, t .... . ' ~ lt .. e3 :0 ·-· :. ..... ~ ! I s~ The document is a typed page with handwritten annotations and a visible stamp. The text discusses the recording and editing of tape data, likely from an experiment. There are no photographs, diagrams, or forms visible. The page itself appears to be a standard document page from a report or protocol. It is annotated with a page number "-2-". There are no visible stamps that would indicate classification or other official markings. The text mentions experimental procedures and equipment as a subject matter. W. Lee .I ------- ~------..._.~ .: ,. ___ _ ---------------------------..----'~""'-,_, -. -·. .f- J .----r--------1-----------__,_ _______ .' -. ... ~-: - . 0 .. ~·' ... .... . ,_, ... \ . ~ '1, t .... . ' ~ lt .. e3 :0 ·-· :. ..... ~ ! 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I c . . . . . > . £ ! f • ; \ -- i - #• - $ / 0 . - J - ~ - " • -4 ' . < < J • - . J , I - J. I /. 1. - 0 ~ - ~ 0 - I ----~---L·-------:. ~· : ~ ..,.. ........................ .. .• ... .. .;-. · ... .. - ;• :_. .: .. :··,~ ·- . ·-~- -;··. . .. -·.::.- The page is primarily text-based, featuring a report with numbered findings and conclusions. There are no photographs, diagrams, or handwritten annotations visible. The only visual elements are standard document formatting like page numbers and line breaks. The page does not show any evidence of experimental procedures, equipment, or facilities, nor does it contain any official stamps or filled-in forms. Everything on the page is presented as typed text. . < < J • - . J , I - J. I /. 1. - 0 ~ - ~ 0 - I ----~---L·-------:. ~· : ~ ..,.. ........................ .. .• ... .. .;-. · ... .. - ;• :_. .: .. :··,~ ·- . ·-~- -;··. . .. -·.::.- ~ ;. . ·~ . . ~ . -.;:.· · . · · ~ ; · -. 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There are no images, stamps, or handwritten annotations visible on this page, and no parts of the text are redacted. The page is titled "REFERENCES" in capital letters. Below the title, there is a numbered list of references, with only the first reference visible: "1. MIT Report # 181, Y. W. Lee". There are also blank entries for references 2 and 3. The page appears to be a scan of a document with many speckles and some lines, possibly from the original paper or scanning process, but no other visual elements like photographs, stamps, or diagrams are present. . J~i.. .!~. ;~-;~~~~;~~ - -·------ 7 ' r~· 'Z- ---· --· ... -. /· . -.... ........ .. , ....... /' I 7 _____ _ - . . ............ \·\ <. · & , . , -~ . · - '"-. ... .. -........~...'.. .--:- . ·--~ -;-~:... '... The image contains a typed table with handwritten annotations. The table is structured with columns labeled "Block," "Descrip," and "Block" again, possibly indicating different experimental blocks or phases. Entries include numerical codes, descriptive terms like "PEAK," "LOWEST," "INTERMEDIATE," and "POWER," and levels such as "LOW," "MID," and "HIGH." Handwritten text at the top reads "10/25/66." There are also handwritten notes in the margins and some entries are circled or underlined. The overall appearance suggests a log or data record related to an experiment or procedure. This page contains two scientific graphs, likely representing spectral data, within a larger document. To the right of the graphs, handwritten text labels them as "ORIGINAL SAMPLE," "SPECTRUM 0-32 CPS," and "FIRST DERIV...". Below the graphs, there is another handwritten note potentially referring to a sample measurement ("560," "160," "DROWSY"). Further down, printed text labels a section as "FIGURE 1" and notes "DROWSY STATE... 2 SEC SAMPLE 0-32 ca." One graph appears to be a baseline measurement, while the second graph shows a distinct change. The document displays a diagram or graph with three plotted lines, labeled "SPECTRUM... 0.32 CPS", "FIRST DERIV", and "SPECTRUM 0.32 CPS". Above the graph, text indicates "ORIG. SAMPLE: 2 SEC". Below the graph, handwritten numbers "13 062 / 162" are visible. The page also includes the typed labels "FIGURE 2" and "ALPHA". The overall presentation suggests a scientific or technical report, possibly related to data analysis or experimental results. Several lines of text are faintly visible near the top of the document, suggesting it is a scanned document. The page displays two graphs, likely representing spectral data, with handwritten labels indicating "ORIG SAMPLE," "SPECTRUM," and "FIRST DERIV." Below the graphs, there's another handwritten note with numbers "672" and "17°," possibly related to the graph's axes or experimental parameters. The document is also annotated with "FIGURE 3" and "LIGHT SLEEP AND ALPHA," suggesting these spectral analyses are part of a study on sleep states. Notably, there are no photographs, stamps, or redacted sections visible on this particular page, purely graphical and textual information related to scientific data presentation.