Doc 0000022012

e / ~-.r,. ~ ... -- ......... •• ~ ..... ,,. . ___ p ............ - ·~---.............. --------~-- ,. ___________ ___._....,..._ - .. ·----, ADDITION TO T.ASi:C ORDER NO. 1 .... --- BASIC CONTRACT NO. ' . . . .I for :PROPOSED WOr\I{ DtrntNG TEN' fviON'tH PERIOD 23 Apl"il 10G6 23 Z'ebruary 1967 * ·. · . .. \ .. \ ~TRODU'CT!O)l Ov.r proposed phn for research and development for the next ten months is described below in five major task areas. However. the over• all objective remains identical to last year's. goa!: that of being able to provide the client with rapid, flexible services in engineering, electronics. animal be:,avior. and oper2.tions analyses. New tec..'inical and biolo~c3l developments will continue to be reviewec:! so that we can maintain a facility for answering and anticipating needs. In order to ma.:rimize the c::~.pability for" rneaning:'ul response and ?l::.:uting. it is proposed that the practice of periodic contacts betl'leen tiie '.('echnical !\1:onitor and Task Leaders remain in ef!ect, and increased where possible. • The five task ar~:.;; are: o ad hoc consulting on speci~! problems I o • o animal capabilities· o animal guidance f 0 . -~ .... -·-f" ... --.......- .-.-............-....... ... ----·-_...,. . - 4 ........ _ ....... -~--··P" -----·-~-- ,y.. .. -• .,r-, • .,." ... .,__--..... - ...... ..,. ............ ,. ,.._,.,_,_~-~-~, .... , . .,... ........ " .. A DOSSIER 0~ PI~~I!PEDS (SE~.LS )- # •• -- .... .,. .... ,.. - ;~ - .,..., "i-~--•• - -----· - -----... + _., • ._ ..... _ ... --...... - - -··-- - -··· - .. of pinnipeds. (saals). \-Jas tno.c!e to deter::U.ne their ability to be trained. Infor~ation on their sensory abilities~ physiology, and anato~y was also acc~mulated~ It was found that of all the kL~ds of pinni?eds, the sea lion (Zalophus californicus) and the cor.non harbor sea (Pboca vitulina) were the one~ ~ost easily trained. Other types were rejected because of apparent Lack of inte:ligence, large size, or scarcity of the species. Data on their abilities indicate that Zalophus is superior to Phoca in size, loc;omotion rate, strength, and ability to perfori-:1 ~ert~in circus-t~e t=icks. Phoca, on the other hand, is superior to Zalophus in terms of ability to ~~~-~ediately upon beinq born, eats more omniverously (and less), and can probably swim taster. Pho;a is reported to do a greater number of things because he is The image displays a graphic representation of a bank vault door, symbolizing a secure archive. The text overlay on the right side of the image explains that the document was obtained from "The Black Vault," an online database of declassified government documents, specifically referencing the MKULTRA/Mind Control Collection. The text indicates that this collection contains over 20,000 pages declassified by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and provides a website address for downloading the entire collection. There are no photographs of people, locations, equipment, or subjects, nor any handwritten annotations, signatures, official stamps, forms, diagrams, schematics, organizational charts, tables, or structured data visible. Additionally, there are no visible redactions or evidence of experimental procedures. The visual elements primarily consist of the vault imagery and the descriptive text providing context about the document's origin and content. This page is a typed document with a single handwritten annotation and a stamp. The text indicates an "ADDITION TO TASK ORDER NO. 1" for a "BASIC CONTRACT NO." and outlines a "PROPOSED WORK DURING TEN MONTH PERIOD" from "23 April 1966 - 23 February 1967." The page also has a handwritten number "272" circled in blue ink in the bottom right corner, suggesting a document identifier or page number. There are no photographs, stamps, forms, diagrams, tables, or redacted content visible on this page. rate, strength, and ability to perfori-:1 ~ert~in circus-t~e t=icks. Phoca, on the other hand, is superior to Zalophus in terms of ability to ~~~-~ediately upon beinq born, eats more omniverously (and less), and can probably swim taster. Pho;a is reported to do a greater number of things because he is usually kept as a hou~e pet while Zalophus usually performs more exacting routines i!'l the circ1.... "S or zoo • • Boto $eem e~ually ·intelligent and seem to possess equal sensory abilities. Both ~r~ readily avail~bl3 at the prope~ time of year. Zalophus costs about $100 (up) and Phoca f2S (l.ip). Maintenance costs for Zalo?hus are correspondingly hig~. • A 'seal' is any of the suborder ninn!oedta of the ordet" carnivora. The seal is a flesh-eating an~mal that presumably returned to the sea and evolved into his current physical form. Sea cows, manatees and dugongs are not seals,.. but rat.J;er herbiverous animals who, as the whales, may have never initially left the sea environment. There are three families of pinnipeds: Fa:nilv 1: Otariidae (The ea:t:ed seals) The ful' seal (Callorhinus alascansus) 1'11e stellat' sea lion (Eumetop:as stelleri) ·· The sea lion (Zal_o?hus californicl;ls) Familv 2: Odobenidae (The walt'uses) . The arctic walrus (Odobenus) Family 3~ Phocic!ae ('r'ne 'true' seals) ·The ·common harbor seal (Phcca vitulina) The harp seal (Phoca groenlaodica) The hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) The sea elephant (Macrorhinus leoninu;;) The grey seal (Halichocru::> grypus) Thus. a 'seal' is either the sea lion (Zalophus) that we see per- ronning in the circus, or it is the comr::on h3::"bor seal (Phocida) wl': ich also is commonly c;~ll~d the sand seal; or the grey seal (ffalichoerus} which is somcamcs call.:d the Athntic Seal. Other .. ~ __ __ - -- .. .. ~--·~·- -- --~· -- ----· ------...--- ........ ---· .. -----·-· . ...... -.-..---____.._._.. _ _. . . . _. ._ ........ .. _.... ,..,_.,....,., ...,.. ... .... .....,_, . ... ~ ' ~ ', ,.,!' -·-- -·'""' seals {harp, hooded, hair. wah·uses. and the like} are less common because they inhabit remote arctic waters. The only seals commonly trained have been: 1. The california Sea lion (Zalophus ca.li!ornicus) 2. The harbor seal {Phoca vitulina) Tht! other seals are either hostile, ve-.-y large. unintelligent, or . w~U not live in temperate c . l ima!es. is' Following a list or characteristics or the two types oi seals whic."'· for simplicity, I This page contains typed text on a white background, with some faint markings and a handwritten line extending from the left margin. The text is organized into an introduction section followed by a bulleted list of five task areas. There are no photographs, stamps, signatures, forms, diagrams, tables, or redactions visible on the page. The overall visual impression is that of a typed document with no additional visual information beyond the text itself. been: 1. The california Sea lion (Zalophus ca.li!ornicus) 2. The harbor seal {Phoca vitulina) Tht! other seals are either hostile, ve-.-y large. unintelligent, or . w~U not live in temperate c . l ima!es. is' Following a list or characteristics or the two types oi seals whic."'· for simplicity, I call Za_lophus and Phoca. Weig:-.t Weight Name Len:rt~ 1\·YaJa Female Oe:'ltiti.on 3 r1· 4 r1 ZALOPHUS 101 2,000 60\l r. 2· c P 4· '-'1 PHOCA so~Go 50·60 ·--·· ..... , •• ,... ...... - ···----__ ...__ ____ --·--W';t' -~..-.· --·--___, _ __. ...,..-~.,.~ .......... ~-... , ....__.. ... ........... .. FOOD :~ ;-..ro FEEDP.!G Young seals are difficult to feed. T:-ansition from liquid to solid food is difficult and should be accOmP.lished as early as possible. Enteritis common and usually fatal • anti-biotics helpful. Feed seal pu_ps 5Q~g cows_milk, 50'7'o animal oil of any sort, add 3 tsps cod liver oil per feeding, emulsify with tragacanthus gum. Feed via bottle or intubation (Tube cannot enter lung 2.ccidentally). F:..ll animal to overflowing. Anim.al w_ill burp. groan. roll over · and appear dead bu.t is only sleeping. . ·. ~dd vitamin 1 B' complex to (B critical) diet. May be t;ught to catch own food but not 1 recommended. Adult animals wili eat dog food, cat food, agricul- tural fish meal {fertilizer), vegetables, soups, etc. Very omniverous. St:lrving animal wi~ swallow. stones, occasi?nally when not star-ved; will regurgitate them vohmtari!y. .. In the wild they eat crustacea, fish and squid. Z=>o Diet: Zalophus (GOO II male): 96 pounds/week Buttertish - 481! i\-Iackcrcl - 2·U Smelts ·- 24fl · Phoca (70 I fcmll~): U, pounds/week ~- ----------------------------------------------------MM------~~'-- .... .. The auditory acuity of both Phoca and Za1ophus see~s to be quite acute in air. Little is about th@ir know~ hearing- ability in water although- it is reported tiaat they ~mit sound~ (clicks} which might be used for proxi~~l echo-ranging. Zaloph'.ls calls '"ere short bursts of clicks at rates up to 50/sec with frequencies ranging from 600 to the over 1,000 cy/sec. These clicks were also recorded in 'bark' that Zalophus makes in the air.· Phoca's signals (clicks) were of less intensity than Zalophus' and each of the subspecies of Phoca had a major co!nponent near 12 key/sec. The fact tb3t both Phoca and Zalophus respond to the human voice indicates sensitivity in the 325 to 2500 cy/sec. range. I Although active . the air.· Phoca's signals (clicks) were of less intensity than Zalophus' and each of the subspecies of Phoca had a major co!nponent near 12 key/sec. The fact tb3t both Phoca and Zalophus respond to the human voice indicates sensitivity in the 325 to 2500 cy/sec. range. I Although active . echoranging might be of min~al effectiveness it is g-enerally agreea that all pinnipeds poss~ss excellent . passive listening capabilities~ • .. Phoca travels poorly on l~~d - 10% fli?per action and 90% bum?ing on his rig cage. Fatigues easily and can go ab~ut ~ mile in 8 hours. Zalophus, with forward~facing flippers can hurry along for several miles at about l-3 mph. Greater rates seem possible. Phoca has been clocked going uphill at 1. 5 mph and 4-S mph dot·mhi 11 for very short distances. Presurna.bly Zalophua could carry a load faster and farther than Phoca. !-iobil1ty- i"s c!ete~ed by ~e: nature:Lbf the surface over which ·'the anil"..al has to travel. .. LOCOMOTION'· (SE~) Phoca can swi:n 15-20 mph and· stay submerged 10-12 min. zalophus can remain. submerged for a~out 15 minutes and swim 10 mFh and faster under duress • ~an pcss~bly .' ' it seems likely that Zalophus would beat Phoca in load- carrying ability in th~ ~ater, but mainly due t~his greater physical size. Both have been taught to pull a small boat and retrieve objects. Both swim well in either salt or fresh water. ·-- _____ ---------------- ~-~ ::--.:~: -_-_- _______ , .. ___ ----- ... -----·- ... ----- ............. --, ~~- ·- MEl F77 r:rrw r,. ~ ........ • ,.. • ...... VIS!O)J Phoca and Zalo9hus see~s to have the s~~e visual capi!.bilities and anatomy, so t.'le singl~ descri?tion follot..-ing will serve for both. Corr.ea is flatish and serves ...,ell both in water and air. There is the possibility there is also some muscular tha~ ada?tation '"nich also helps visi_on in both waeer ahd air environments. Reportedly can see Color. Can detect hand handkerchief 120 yards away. follow trajectory ~av~ng ~an through the air of a stone l" in diameter thrown 40 feet '· through an arc 20 fest high. Vision not necessary to survival because blind healthy seals have been ca?tured. No ducts to remove tears to nasal passages, so eyes with tears that ~verfow run down their cheeks and ma.y influence ~ision. • -----·----- .. Seals '"ill dive to dif!~;.·,::-:t: depths de?endinq U?On The image shows a scanned page from a document with a title centered on the page: "A DOSSIER ON PINNIPEDS (SEALS)". There are several instances of small black specks scattered across the page, likely from the scanning or printing process. The page is separated into two columns by a thick vertical line on the left. There is a horizontal line near the bottom of the page, intersecting the vertical line. The top of the page has a black bar running horizontally across it, with two circular markings within it. There is no photographic content, handwritten annotations, stamps, forms, diagrams, tables, or redactions visible on this page. an arc 20 fest high. Vision not necessary to survival because blind healthy seals have been ca?tured. No ducts to remove tears to nasal passages, so eyes with tears that ~verfow run down their cheeks and ma.y influence ~ision. • -----·----- .. Seals '"ill dive to dif!~;.·,::-:t: depths de?endinq U?On whether they are slee?ir.g, 9layinq, or fishing. The seal usually plays in shallo·.·: \vater near the sho.:e and likes to dive in waves. ~~e slee?inq seal usually seeks quiet water and will slee9 in 0 - lS feet of water. ~ne •sleeping'seal will co~a to the 'surface, take several breaths (10-20), and sink to the bottom again witr.out opening his eyes. The sleepinq.seal re~ains on the botto~ bet•.-reen S to ·10 m.inutes before repeating the respiration cyclea Afloat t,hey b:~~t.he eoz::e regularl!{. \"<""hi2.e fishing the seal will follo'" food to great deptns. Shrimp and other crustacea which are found in deep water lead seals to depths of approximately 1,000 feet. Seals ba7e been · c~ght·-'·. . ~in nets at goo feet. Researchers have lowered seals to 1,000 feet '"!.th no appa:-:lnt damage to the s<!als. It :should be 1\0ted th~t tho seat exhales before diving and calls upon a lO\·Jer heart rate {10 beats/ minute) and ox~·c;en reserves in the blood and other tissues to susta~ itself up to one-half hour in c:<trc!ne c:1ses. Other physiologic3.l rnechani~~s such as low l~ctic acid formati<:>n also l".elp the seal endure as~by:<i a tion. ~here is evidence th~t deep dives for long dur~tion result in __ .. -~--~·,----.-. .-....... "_· - ------·~-··--~-~.- --------~~ .. 0 .. ·,--· ... r;~;; .. The 1\eddell ..f or food • f.~t(·see~ likely, that de~t~:s in excess pf neithe~ safe.or co~on for the seal • . . . ~ -~-r-----~---~~-~-----------------~---------------~--------------- :·~·. ·. : '•, i}: I I ---.~-------:------:-·---: -·:-·------'-- -~---··· ·' . , · . ·, .. ... .. , , .. . : : , , : : ! ·• .' .: :! :! ., ; • :; .! ~! ·' ·I ~ l : V 1a O -c:r L -u r :' l \ f 1 •• , \R ... \ . " . .. Q r I ~ V •• I , : o '\ n C . ... o .. U T m b i i n :a o t J c ~ l . .a 1 r 1 ~ 1 o 1 f The document contains a single page of typed text, without any images, stamps, or handwritten annotations. A line of redacts is present at the very top of the image, and a curved line appears near the bottom right. The text discusses a survey of pinnipeds, specifically their suitability for training and compares the abilities of Zalophus (sea lion) and Phoca (harbor seal), including cost and maintenance considerations. •• , \R ... \ . " . .. Q r I ~ V •• I , : o '\ n C . ... o .. U T m b i i n :a o t J c ~ l . .a 1 r 1 ~ 1 o 1 f p ~ o a l .. ih tf i ' l h il « , U tl > ~ o . l : :J. r t e .l o il l 1 r 4) a in b l t ~ ID i "" n l • 't t 1 b n L in i .c w :d a r t n o . : ' n k. c ,: c l : i p : n i c u -e t n , o ,. . ., e 1 ' i ll n h t d l c u r d ... . a d u i. t p b ,. J n ' d l t b I c h • r e u w ~ - r . - ; i : . r ~ . . ~ J - t .. ~ . c • : n f J i. c .. : h t . ._ __ ,._ ... _. ..... --·-'!"-.----------·--L-0a••-·-·-=----··----·------ ·----.. ....... . ..... :f: From: Sc~,oland~r .. P.F. The master· 5\o/itch of life. Scientific .·.; American,. :Cec:em.ber,. 1963 :; . -~-' : .. •.! •. '· ; .. ... - .... • .. . ~ . ' .. . ;· : J . ... ·~ ' ·. ~ ,•~·. .. Both Zalo~hus and Phoca seem to have excellent learning ability and memory. Zalo?h~s has been used in public de~onstrating balancinq •. musical, and oth~r· abilities. Phoc~ perhaps has ~ora writte~ about h~~ as an intelligant pet who can be bousebrok~n. learn co~.ands, and per:o~ a fe\'1 ·Jseful acts. phoca has been reported to res?ond to 35 w~r~s such as basket, here, in, out, ball, sing. swim, mouth organ, stick, trurr<;let, plate, maddntosh, ~d • ot't1ers. ·He would stay in a boat, go overboard,· S\i~:n forvard, .aJ:>ea.tt~, or aft on co::.~and. 'r'7ould get the mail and carry it .ho ma. Also carried and un?acke~ a picnic· basket. List of clever behavior long. Has a fair time sense in that be can predict events that occur t<tlice per week. Remember~ geosrap~ical locations after ~ pe~iod The document contains typed text discussing seals and their classification, with no images, handwriting, stamps, forms, diagrams, or tables. There are no visible redactions or evidence of experimental procedures. The page appears to be a factual report or informational document related to zoology. The document includes a table that compares the characteristics of two types of seals, Zalophus and Phoca. The table has columns for Name, Length, Weight Male, Weight Female, and Dentition, with the latter column containing a series of fractions and letters that likely represent dental formulas. There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, official stamps, diagrams, or evidence of experimental procedures visible on this page. The text describes that seals (harp, hooded, hair, walruses) are less common in the Arctic. S\i~:n forvard, .aJ:>ea.tt~, or aft on co::.~and. 'r'7ould get the mail and carry it .ho ma. Also carried and un?acke~ a picnic· basket. List of clever behavior long. Has a fair time sense in that be can predict events that occur t<tlice per week. Remember~ geosrap~ical locations after ~ pe~iod of two years. Also remambers locations of holes in ice which implies navigational m.etr.ory. In qeneral zalophus and Phoca both seem eo learn t~adily and will retain habits for a great length of time. ·- .. SE.'I.L T:..LK F.ND SC~m seals seem to aole to co:..::'.u:licate ~nd express the:::selves in terms sufficient to establish territorial boundries and to indicate·pleasure. They ea~ emit a bark, click, or roar and have been able to "sing" acco:rdins to some ex?erts. (See section on nearina for d~tails on frequencies of 'clicks'). The~ nave a large range of vocal ability. Their 'singing' has been recorded (see song below), and bistory is available· of times wnen seals '"ere callecl and sung to by fisher::tan and indeed the seals res;onded ~y approachir.q the si.ngE:r and even falling asleep,. Abi1ity for seals to play musical inst~ments indicates at least sensitivity to a qreat range of s·ounds and also a certaL"l degree of adiance tO\-Iard these sounds. However few of the than sounds seals make( other roars of rage) seem to carry lt'.uch information. ,\.. ... 1 \ I ,''<(\. -7 - I'~"' I I i ~ ! '/ ~ .... i 1 I I :.1. 't..?- \....J C':· .·.-..,·. 0 1 i {.1 1.. ,...... { I I ...... 7 --:><.__/ Note: The •musical ability' of pinnip~ds should not be considered unusual ,.ben we take the co~ple~ but re?etitious ~?Onqs of birds so much for qrantcd •. .. so:.tf: co~-::-osition of milk: water 46.4 % Protein 9. 7'}~ (Cer.eral} Fat 42.0 % Ash o.es % Pe:cent bodv weight: Brain 0.63· Kidneys 0.70 (Phoca} Eyes · 0.1a Adrenals 0.007 Heart 0. 73 Liver 2.51 Lungs l.SS Spleen 0.32 Thyroid 0.008 Bones in bodv- i76 plus 7 (if not fused). (Phoca) Breeding (Zalophus) Puberty - about 3 years of age · Breeding season - .June-July cestation pe~iod - 348 to 365 days Litter size - l -~ . Estrou"s a.o oears as isolated event in . breeding season. Como·:Jsitio.n of seal meat Protein 19.1 % Fat 10.6 % Carbohydrates 1.4 % Water 66.0 % Other 2.9% = ~alorie~ per 100 · Breeding season - .June-July cestation pe~iod - 348 to 365 days Litter size - l -~ . Estrou"s a.o oears as isolated event in . breeding season. Como·:Jsitio.n of seal meat Protein 19.1 % Fat 10.6 % Carbohydrates 1.4 % Water 66.0 % Other 2.9% = ~alorie~ per 100 g 183 Minerals in seal meat 'Fe 11.4 mg Niacin 4.9 mg (mg I 100 g) Riboflavin 0.09 mg Thiamin 0.04 mg " Excreted Nitroaen: Ammonia- ·N· (2 - 7. 5) (Phoca) Urea - N (61-90) Uric Acid - N ( 6- 11) Combined Cre~tine- Nand CreatininG- N ... (9.1 - 3l ) Bi·!R (Resting)' 540 BLOOD pco 2 mm fig pH Tem~. tension ~ Zillophus S.l!UreltiO!'I. Pho~a(Sr.~allar 40 - 44 37 - 38°C 28-40 .lf.m l~-; ' number ) ..... I ~------------~-.;:----------- .. ~ate (?"!".oca} 100/ nin . (10-140/ m..tn. 95% ranse) Blood Pressure: {130 - 140 11!t:1 Kg 95% range) BocY Te~erature: (36.8 - 39.8 °c range among species) Sex Ratios : Percent Hale 51% (4S - 54 % 95% rar.ge) ~= The 95% range indicates that 95% of all readings fall b~t•r1een ir.!ieated values. Bile ficids: "Beta"-P"hocaec:-.olic.. Acid . . Hydroxyl grouos 3,7,23(?) ~ Specific Ro~ation + .27 .· .. ··~ ......_ Gr~y seal (Atlantic) \V'ill gro•:l up to a· in length, weight (Halichoerus gr~us) 2,000 po~nds (~ale); smells terribly· no~.ally and worse when sexually aroused; Pups need to learn to swim. Stellar Sea Lion Very large (males ~? to ~.ooo pounds, (Euneto~ias jubata) fecale s sor..e~·1ha t smaller) • (Euwetopias stellari) ... Alas~<.a Fur Seal Dces not"survive'well in warm climates. (Callorhinus alasc~~sus) Hunted but protected. Not kno;..m for their· intelligence. .. ' .• 'I'l".e ~~alruses Excpetionally large ( males 3,000 lbs, (Cdobenus rosmarsu) fe~ales 2,000 l~s. ) Cannot· survive in temperate zones ccmfortably. Not very intelligent. Hooded Seal La:ge (male 1,000 lbs I female 900lbs). (Cystophora cristata) Sunburns readily , even in Arstic. Harp Seal Another A:c-ctic sea.1. Notably affectionate (Phoca groelandica) to humans and 1'1ence easy to slaughter and consie~r~d to lack intelligenc3. C;;~.spian Seal All of th~se arc relatively rare (fresh Seal Elephant water species) or. reduced in n~be~ by Lesser Seals ht<nting .lnd hence are relatively unavail~':lle. 1. Al!. those who t·li 11 ba :-:.."·.:~.:!l::.r:g \:h~ animal sl:culd !tTOr:.: I with it from the day it is ea?tured as a p~p. 2~ Usa only females. 3. Get anL~al eating daa! fish as socn The document appears to be a typewritten page with a few handwritten annotations. The main content is a section titled "FOOD AND FEEDING" which describes feeding practices for seals. There is also a "Zoo Diet" section listing types of fish and their weights. A notable visual element is a handwritten underline beneath "Zoo Diet" and around the specific diet information for Zalophus and Phoca, suggesting these sections may have been of particular interest or emphasis. No photographs, stamps, or diagrams are visible. This page contains text from a declassified document, likely a report or research paper, with the heading "HEARING". The text is printed in a monospace font and appears to be a scan of a typed document. There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, signatures, stamps, diagrams, tables, or obscured content visible on this page. The visual content consists solely of the printed text discussing the auditory capabilities of Phoca and Zalophus, and the general auditory abilities of pinnipeds. species) or. reduced in n~be~ by Lesser Seals ht<nting .lnd hence are relatively unavail~':lle. 1. Al!. those who t·li 11 ba :-:.."·.:~.:!l::.r:g \:h~ animal sl:culd !tTOr:.: I with it from the day it is ea?tured as a p~p. 2~ Usa only females. 3. Get anL~al eating daa! fish as socn as possi~le. 4. Nev~r under any circu~stances p~~ish the anirr~l. Use 'only rewards to reinforce ce~ired cena~ior. S. Train in the physical envi~o:-_-nent tv'i:~re ani;nal ,. .. ill ::e ,. .-· us~d Inost, a.,g. ocean, lake';_ ~col. 6. ~or training in water do not us3 taru~s imreediat~ly (~s~ schnorkle and D~sk ). "'ounds with t·inctu:re of ~:~n=oin if ani:nal to qo ::.n ,~g,i";.sr. 8. Eliminate any anL~al that ~ites. .. 9. See attached infor:.u:.tion an-i study s~lected references. ~ -.-,.- .,-,,_-_..-.- .. -------. -._ -,-_.-_-_ -_-.. ..... ...." '_::. .. •,.. • ,...,_c..: ....... ........ ,.. ----- -~-:.:._ ~ -~ -~ ~.--.-~-------~---- __...,.-.r-·- .,.I' ,...F.;, ..--·. • .. MISCELL:.:::::ous Follo\vinq is a list of rniscellaneouo;; information on 1. Pinnipeds {Zalophus and P~cca) will live well in ei~~er salt: or fresh \'later. Eo.::l1 e::y ra?idly upon leaving the water. 2, Zalophus migrates farther, but both travel well and have excellent homing sense. 3. Sense of smell use!11ss under ,.,ater but quite acute in air. Fe~ale can smell haman if he has touched her pup. 4. ~Xales generally more difficul~ to handle than female!:. s. Phoca becomes immediately a·;tached to any human who handles it during first few '.r1eeks of life. Dislikes of peo?le may also manifest. themselves rapidly --- b~t rarely. 6. Behavior .... ill be influenced by sexual IT.aturity unless steps are tak.en to prevent it (surgically or chemically} • • I .. .. E~L. Fielcboo~.:: ~! !'!~tural. Ristorv. McGra\.,r-Hi11, Ne\·t York : 1S49 Lane, F.w., Nature Parade. Fa\-.tcet~ Pt:.blications. Greem·1ich, Conn.: 1954. O'Shea, M.V., (Ed), The 't1orld Book :Encvclooedia. \'l.F • Quarrie & Co., Chicago, r92S. Young, J.Z., The Life of v~:-tebrates. Oxford Univ. Press, London: 1950. Lockley, R.M., ~ ~ £! !h! ~Seal. Oevin-Adair Co., New York: 1955. · Stuart, F.,~ Seal's tvorld. McGrat·J-~{ill, Mew York: 1954. Pearson, R.H., ! Seal Sli:!s B~t. ·Nalker & Co. ,txew York: l96L Thomson, D.,~ Peoole of the~· John Day Co., New York: 1953~ Farre, R. ~ ~ng. Rinehart & Co., New York: 1957. Schevill, W.E. et al., Uncerwater sounds of Pinnipeds. Science, 141, 50-53. Frings, H. and Frin9s, !1-1., .. ).ni;al The image displays a typewritten document with two distinct sections labeled "LOCOMOTION (LAND)" and "LOCOMOTION (SEA)". There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, signatures, or official stamps visible. The text documents the locomotion abilities of two animals, Phoca and Zalophus, in both land and sea environments, detailing their speeds and behaviors. There is no evidence of experimental procedures, equipment, facilities, diagrams, tables, forms, or redactions present on this page. R.H., ! Seal Sli:!s B~t. ·Nalker & Co. ,txew York: l96L Thomson, D.,~ Peoole of the~· John Day Co., New York: 1953~ Farre, R. ~ ~ng. Rinehart & Co., New York: 1957. Schevill, W.E. et al., Uncerwater sounds of Pinnipeds. Science, 141, 50-53. Frings, H. and Frin9s, !1-1., .. ).ni;al Ccmmunication. Blaisdell Publ. C?•• New York: 1964. Carthy, J.D., Animal Naviqation, Ceo. Allen & UnwiQ Ltd., London: 1956. Tavo19a, w.r:q. (Ed.), Harin·::= Sio-.a.constics. Pergamon Press, New York: 1964. Scheffer, v.c. Seals, Seal Lions, and l1a1ruses: A .Revie\~ of Pinnioeds. ~ford.Univ=-Prass, Stanford: 1958 • ....... ·-~ .... ~··- ••.• -~ . -· ----____ ..... ____ ·- -· .... __ .. _ _.• . ..,,.,.___.--_ ............... _ ..._ _, .y .... -- --•..• The image contains a single page of text, with a section titled "VISION" that discusses the visual capabilities of Phoca and Zalophus. There is a dark circular blotch near the top center, potentially a ink spill or stamp. A curved line extends from the left margin, encompassing a significant portion of the page. There are some faint handwritten annotations and marks scattered throughout the document, primarily dots and dashes that do not form discernible words. No photographs, diagrams, stamps, or redacted content are visible. The document page contains typed text against a white background. There is a title at the top "ON DIVING" and the rest of the page is filled with text about seals. There are no images, stamps, signatures, or handwritten notes. The content appears to be a factual description of seal behavior related to diving. The page contains a black and white illustration of a man sitting on a box, pointing at a seal in a pool of water. The seal is positioned near a dish, and the overall scene depicts a training or experimental setup. Text above and below the illustration provides context, discussing seal diving depths and training methods. The document also includes a heading, "From: Scholander, P.F. The master switch of life. Scientific American, December, 1963," and appears to be a reprint or excerpt with a reference. There are no official stamps, handwritten annotations, forms, diagrams, or redactions visible on this particular page. The document appears to be a typed page of text, likely from a report. There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, official stamps, forms, diagrams, schematics, organizational charts, or tables visible. There are also no apparent redactions or visual evidence of experimental procedures, equipment, or facilities. The content focuses on the learning abilities and memory of animals named Zalophus and Phoca. The page contains typed text discussing "Seal Talk and Song," with a section on musical notation. There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, official stamps, or filled-in forms. A portion of the text is redacted in the original image. The visual content is primarily the typed text and a musical staff with notes, illustrating the concept of musical ability in seals. The image is a scanned document, likely a report or data sheet, with typed text and several bulleted lists and tables. There are no visible photographs, stamps, handwritten annotations, or evidence of experimental procedures or facilities. The content appears to be scientific data related to the physiology and anatomy of animals, specifically seals. There is a small dark circular mark near the top center of the page, and some faint speckling throughout. The text is clear and well-organized, divided into sections detailing composition of milk, body weight percentages, breeding information, seal meat composition and minerals, excreted nitrogen, and blood parameters. The page contains a typed document with headings and structured data, presented in bullet-point-like fashion. It appears to be a scientific or biological data sheet, detailing various physiological measurements and chemical properties. There are no photographs, stamps, signatures, or handwritten annotations visible. The data is presented in a clear, organized format, with labels and corresponding values or ranges. There is no visual evidence of experimental procedures, equipment, or facilities. The page displays a table listing "UN-RECOMMENDED PINNIPEDS