Cointelpro Espionage Programs Part 02

FOIPA COVER SHEET FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND PRIVACY ACTS SUBJECT: (COINTELPRO) ESPIONAGE PROGRAMS 65-69260 SECTIONS 11-17 FREEDOM INFORMATION ACT FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION NOTICE THE BEST COPIES OBTAINABLE ARE INCLUDED IN THE REPRODUCTION OF THE FILE. PAGES INCLUDED THAT ARE BLURRED, LIGHT OR OTHERWISE DIFFICULT TO READ ARE THE RESULT OF THE CONDITION AND OR COLOR OF THE ORIGINALS PROVIDED. THESE ARE THE BEST COPIES AVAILABLE. Sure, here is the transcription of the declassified FBI COINTELPRO document: (Rev. 5-22-64) Transmit the following in Via AIRTEL CONFIDENTIAL (Type in plaintext or code) TO: DIRECTOR, FBI (100-9-104-26) FROM: SAC, WFO (66-2479 Sub J) [REDACTED] ReLAairtel to Bureau, 8/6/64. CLASSIFIED BY ZOLL XEROX ENTERED FROM GENERAL DECLASSIFICATION 12-4-74 AUG 26. 1964 SCHEDULE OF FREQUENCY SCHEDULE OF PRECURE 11502 AUTOMATIC [REDACTED] [REDACTED] C r [REDACTED] (C) (C) Mr. Mohr Mr. Casper Mr. Callahan Mr. Conrad Mr. Delcach Mr. Evans Mr. Gale Mr. Rosen Mr. Sullivan Mr. Tavel Mr. Trotter Tele Room Miss Holmes Miss Gandy [Handwritten signature] B. B 5-lype [REDACTED] In the event subsequent requests are received and acted upon favorably by the Department of State, the Bureau and Los Angeles Division will be notified and appropriate recommendations made. (U) 65-69260-X3 3 1-82RB Bureau - Los Angeles (105-54554) (RM) (AMSD) AND FILTED GRICIES 1 1 - New York. (100-129802) (Info) (RM) - WFO WRS:Jld (7) Classified by CRS Exempt from CDS, Category 3 Date of Declassification Indefinite 3/14-77 REC 16 [Handwritten signature] APPROPRIATE AGENCIES [Handwritten notation] APPROPRIATE AGENCIES and [Handwritten notation] [Handwritten notation] [Handwritten notation] [Handwritten notation] [Handwritten notation] [Handwritten notation] 56AUG 311964 Approved: 157 Special Agent in Charge Sent EX 110 Per 65-142969- 91/19/27NRECORDED 14 AUG 25 1964 [Handwritten signature] [Handwritten text] [Handwritten signature] [Handwritten stamp] WPD 66-2479 Sub J JAI[ILLEGIBLE]R[ILLEGIBLE]KOD CONFINTJALY For the infomation of the Bureau and Los Angeles the Soviet Union and the U. S. are presently engaged in some political maneuvers with respect to travel approval on the part of official personnel in both countries and at this time it appears that no travel will be authorized at the U. S. Department of State until sometime after 8/30/64 (2) [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] - 2 - [ILLEGIBLE] CONENTIAL 65-69260-1 APPROPRIATE AGENCIES AND FIELD OFFICES Airtel CONFIDENTIAL July 15, 1964 APPROPRIATE AGENCIES AND FIELD OFFICES APPLICANTROUTINE SLIP (S) DATE S.P. (3) CLASSIFICATION 9.19.700K LA. TO: SACS, New York (100-129802) Chicago (100-328624) PERSONAL ATTENTION Washington Field (100-421FF) (Enc - 2) From: Director, This page is a cover sheet for a declassified FBI document. It features bold, centered text indicating the document's subject matter: "FREEDOM OF INFORMATION AND PRIVACY ACTS," "SUBJECT: (COINTELPRO)," "ESPIONAGE PROGRAMS," and a reference number "65-69260." Below this text is a circular logo, predominantly black and white, resembling the Great Seal of the United States or a similar official emblem, with "FREEDOM INFORMATION ACT" prominently displayed. The bottom of the page contains the text "FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION" in large, bold letters. There are no photographs, handwritten notes, official stamps, forms, logs, charts, or redactions visible on this page. (2) [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] - 2 - [ILLEGIBLE] CONENTIAL 65-69260-1 APPROPRIATE AGENCIES AND FIELD OFFICES Airtel CONFIDENTIAL July 15, 1964 APPROPRIATE AGENCIES AND FIELD OFFICES APPLICANTROUTINE SLIP (S) DATE S.P. (3) CLASSIFICATION 9.19.700K LA. TO: SACS, New York (100-129802) Chicago (100-328624) PERSONAL ATTENTION Washington Field (100-421FF) (Enc - 2) From: Director, FBI (100-3-104-Main) 1 - Mr. Belmont 1 - Mr. Sullivan see 1 - Mr. D.E. Moore above 1 - Mr. Baumgardner c brackets 1 1 - Mr. Branigan 1 - Mr. Smith (R.W.) 1 - Mr. Ryan Since initiated in 1956, the Counter Intelligence Program (Cointelpro), directed against the Communist Party, XUSA (CPUSA), and related organizations, through a variety of techniques has disrupted, exposed and neutralized the communists. Some successful Cointelpro operations such as anonymous letters and mailings, in spite of their simplicity, have caused unexpected consternation and disruption among the comrades. Cointelpro-initiated publicity has been a tremendous deterrent to the comrades, while at the same time it has alerted the general public to their insidious maneuvers. More sophisticated techniques and operations have caused defections and expulsions within Party ranks. EXEMPT FROM GENERAL DECLASSIFICATION SCHEDULE OF EXECUTIVE ORDER 116524 AUTOMATICALLY DECLASSILETED EXEMPTION CATEGORY L MAILED JUL 15 1964 COMM. FBI t RECID-READING ROOM JL 14 4 33 PM 64 15 12 09 PM 64 HECO-READING BOOK 6 Boston (100-31648) MCT - 45 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Buffalo (100-4379-104) Cleveland (100-23089) Detroit (134-706) Los Angeles (100-54554) Milwaukee (100-42-JJ) Minneapolis (100-1878-FFF) Cover memo Cover memo DR: Bgo (28) JUL 23 1964 Tolson Belmont Mohr Cosper Callahan Conrad DeLoach Evans Gale Rosen Sullivan Tavel Trotter Tele. Room Holmes Gandy CONFIDENTIAL MAIL ROOM TELETYPE UNIT New Haven (100-16559) Newark (100-42359) Philadelphia (100-42492) Pittsburgh (100-13274) St. Louis (100-16708) San Francisco (100-42399) Seattle (200-23650) 1-21 REC-D REPLICE BEC-O PEHOUS 1087/14/64-2/1g/24 964 WEJ Classified by Exempt from CDS, Category 3 Date of Declassification Indefinite [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] This page contains a standard notice regarding copy quality. There are no photographs, handwritten annotations, official stamps, forms, logs, charts, or redactions visible. The text is presented in a clear, printed font, and the page appears to be a standard reproduced document. The document is a form, likely an FBI internal communication, with several handwritten annotations and stamps. A prominent red stamp marks it as "CONFIDENTIAL." There are several redacted sections, appearing as dark rectangular blocks, indicating classified information that has been obscured. Additional handwritten notes, including signatures and what seem to be case file numbers like "(U) 65-69260-X3", are scattered throughout the page. There are also multiple official stamps, including date stamps and field office identifiers such as "SAC, WFO (66-2479 Sub J)." The visual presence of these redactions and the handwritten notes suggests a layered communication and approval process for sensitive information. --- OCR Start --- Rev. 5-22-04) Transmit the following in Via AIRTEL FB1 Date: 8/21/64 (Type in plaintext or code). S COMDENTIAL (Priority) TO: DIRECTOR, FBI (100-9-104-26) FROM: SAC, WFO (66-2479 Sub J) Mr. Mehr Mr. Casper Mr. Callahan... Mr. Conrad Mr. Delcach Mr. Evans.. Mr. Gale. Mr. Rosen Mr. Sullivan. Mr. Tavel Mr. Trotter Tele Room Miss Holmes. Misa Gandy. CLASSIFIED BY Zoll XEROX ENTERT FROM GENERAL DECLASSIFICATION 12-4-74 AUG 26. 1964 SCINDUIS OF PRECURE 11502 .......... " NO C AUTOMAT C ReLAairtel to Bureau, 8/6/64. spysge 10 In the event subsequent requests are received and acted upon favorably by the [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ILLEGIBLE] [ ```json [ {"box_2d": [0, 149, 28, 259], "text_content": "OPTIONAL FORM NO. 2016-189\nMAY 1962 EDITION\nGSA GEN. REG. NO. 17"}, {"box_2d": [27, 144, 41, 435], "text_content": "UNITED STATES G NMENT"}, {"box_2d": [46, 145, 97, 417], "text_content": "Memorandum"}, {"box_2d": [76, 443, 113, 596], "text_content": "CONFIDENTIAL"}, {"box_2d": [85, 40, 101, 76], "text_content": ")"}, {"box_2d": [110, 60, 121, 83], "text_content": "TO"}, {"box_2d": [108, 245, 123, 349], "text_content": "DIRECTOR,"}, {"box_2d": [109, 364, 122, 405], "text_content": "FBI"}, {"box_2d": [109, 415, 123, 587], "text_content": "(134-3-104-26)-"}, {"box_2d": [113, 660, 125, 705], "text_content": "DATE:"}, {"box_2d": [113, 763, 127, 859], "text_content": "10/26/64"}, {"box_2d": [154, 929, 199, 959], "text_content": "PAID"}, {"box_2d": [155, 240, 172, 565], "text_content": "SAC, NEW YORK (100-129802)"}, {"box_2d": [158, 61, 170, 104], "text_content": "FROM"}, {"box_2d": [178, 677, 208, 868], "text_content": "APPROPRIATE AGENCIES"}, {"box_2d": [198, 73, 215, 119], "text_content": "USSN"}, {"box_2d": [202, 818, 244, 929], "text_content": "Xolag"}, {"box_2d": [212, 680, 233, 734], "text_content": "AND"}, {"box_2d": [217, 73, 379, 118], "text_content": "SUBJT\nDATE"}, {"box_2d": [242, 680, 254, 774], "text_content": "S''P''T"}, {"box_2d": [243, 790, 264, 894], "text_content": "3114127"}, {"box_2d": [258, 683, 270, 729], "text_content": "DATE"}, {"box_2d": [276, 130, 330, 825], "text_content": "For the purpose of implementing captioned program\nthe following suggestions are set forth for the Bureau's\nconsideration and authorization:\n(U)"}, {"box_2d": [313, 872, 396, 915], "text_content": "6080"}, {"box_2d": [339, 242, 359, 834], "text_content": "During the week of October 12-16, 1964, momentous"}, {"box_2d": [352, 120, 376, 811], "text_content": "changes occurred in the leadership of the government and"}, {"box_2d": [371, 118, 421, 881], "text_content": "Communist Party (CP) of the USSR. and authorization:\n(U)"}, {"box_2d": [313, 872, 396, 915], "text_content": "6080"}, {"box_2d": [339, 242, 359, 834], "text_content": "During the week of October 12-16, 1964, momentous"}, {"box_2d": [352, 120, 376, 811], "text_content": "changes occurred in the leadership of the government and"}, {"box_2d": [371, 118, 421, 881], "text_content": "Communist Party (CP) of the USSR. The summary dismissal\nof N.S. KHRUSHCHEV as Premier of the USSR and Secretary of\nthe CP of the USSR, will undoubtedly create upheaval, confusion"}, {"box_2d": [416, 119, 439, 881], "text_content": "and suspicion in the Soviet hierarchy. In addition, because of"}, {"box_2d": [432, 123, 453, 851], "text_content": "the somewhat more liberal policies of KHRUSHCHEV, as opposed"}, {"box_2d": [437, 900, 488, 929], "text_content": "Classified by\nExempt from Lery"}, {"box_2d": [451, 122, 470, 849], "text_content": "to his predecessor, JOSEPH STALIN, it could be presumed that"}, {"box_2d": [465, 122, 501, 883], "text_content": "the Soviet populavec may be concerned and anxious lest the new\ngovernment return to the autocratic methods of its former ruler."}, {"box_2d": [468, 934, 504, 952], "text_content": "Date of D"}, {"box_2d": [499, 122, 520, 881], "text_content": "It could be assumed that any misgivings and distastes which the"}, {"box_2d": [513, 121, 566, 881], "text_content": "Soviet people felt concerning the dismissal of KHRUSHCHEV will\nbe felt also among the Soviet diplomatic colony in NYC, as well\nas in Washington, D.C."}, {"box_2d": [670, 916, 757, 972], "text_content": "911"}, {"box_2d": [757, 484, 784, 798], "text_content": "REC-66 65-69260- 1X14"}, {"box_2d": [760, 934, 852, 981], "text_content": "COPY ALED H"}, {"box_2d": [763, 115, 778, 135], "text_content": "3"}, {"box_2d": [776, 975, 851, 1000], "text_content": "CUTT"}, {"box_2d": [779, 168, 800, 309], "text_content": "Bureau (RM)"}, {"box_2d": [784, 537, 811, 755], "text_content": "HA-3-11.41"}, {"box_2d": [798, 168, 816, 331], "text_content": "(1-65-62969)"}, {"box_2d": [810, 120, 826, 133], "text_content": "1"}, {"box_2d": [811, 168, 832, 518], "text_content": "Chicago (100-32864)(Info)(RM)"}, {"box_2d": [82 WFO 100-421-FF [REDACTED] SECRET [REDACTED] (5) SA has recently received literature from the American-Hungarian Reformed Ministerial Association, Eastern District, 963 Laurel Ave., Bridgeport, Conn., signed by Dr. STEPHEN M. BOSZORMENYI-BESSEMER. This includes data obtained by ABRAHAM RIBICOFF, Senator from Connecticut, which obtained from the U. S. Department of State. This included a summary of information concerning the situation in Transylvania.and notes the following: There are certain bockground aspects of the situation in Rumania which indicate a trend towards moderation in Rumanian internal policies. On June 16, (1964) the Rumanian Government announced that it had already released between nine and ten thousand political prisoners and other amnesties now in preparation would clear the This document is a declassified FBI file page, likely from the COINTELPRO collection. It features a clear 'CONFIDENTIAL' stamp across the top, indicating its original security classification. There are also multiple stampings and handwritten markings throughout the page, suggesting official routing and internal notations. Notably, there is a circled number '2' in the lower right quadrant, possibly an annotator's reference, and a heavily redacted section in the bottom right corner. The overall appearance is that of a working document with various administrative and operational markings, typical of intelligence agency files. This page is a declassified FBI document with numerous handwritten annotations, official stamps, and faded text. It includes a numbered list of FBI field offices, presumably for distribution or reference. A handwritten note "Set above brackets" directs the reader to names listed to the right, which appear to be individuals associated with the program. Redacted sections obscure sensitive information, particularly in the upper portions of the page, indicating areas requiring security clearance. The document is stamped "CONFIDENTIAL" multiple times, underscoring its historical classification. There are no photographs, wiretap logs, or visual evidence of surveillance methods. following: There are certain bockground aspects of the situation in Rumania which indicate a trend towards moderation in Rumanian internal policies. On June 16, (1964) the Rumanian Government announced that it had already released between nine and ten thousand political prisoners and other amnesties now in preparation would clear the jails of practically all prisoners by August 23, 1964, the Rumanian national holiday. The State Department expressed the conclusion that there was no reason to believe 3 SECRET [REDACTED] 1X16 5 WFO 100-421-FF SECRET that persons of Hungarian ethnic origin have been or will be excluded from these amnesty actions. The Rumanian Government has continued to pursue a cautious but systematic policy of Romanizing the Hungarians of Transylvania by requiring them to learn the Rumanian language, by gradually reducing the number of Hungarian- language cultural institutions in Transylvania, by inter- mixing Rumanians with Hungarians in positions of authority and by assigning Hungarian intellectuals to posts outside of Transylvania. Although the Rumanian Government's goal is to solve its Hungarian minority problem by reducing, rather than maintaining or expanding autonomous Hungarian institutions, it is constrained from imposing this policy in a violent fashion by several factors, notably the latent opposition of the Hungarian minority and the continued interest in the fate of that minority on the part of Hungary, to which Rumania is allied within the Soviet-bloc. Western observers who have traveled in Transylvania. report that an education in the Hungarian-language elementary and secondary schools is still possible, but it is becoming increasingly difficult if not impossible to attend higher education institutions or to set out on a career without knowing the Rumanian language. Assignment of jobs to university graduates on a nationwide basis without regard to the desire of the individual also scatters Hungarian intellectuals throughout the country and also is a means of expanding Rumanian influence in the Hungarian (Transylvanian) region. The institution of a permanent Rumanian theatre as well as changing a medical institute from Hungarian to Rumanian was also noted in that region. However, other aspects of Hungarian separateness are still respected by the Rumanian Government, notably the provision for newspapers and other literature in the Hungarian language, as well as the toleration of various churches in Transylvania as long as they keep out of politics. Some travel to Hungary on the part of Transylvanian Hungarians has also been permitted with a 3-to 4 week waiting period. This provision for newspapers and other literature in the Hungarian language, as well as the toleration of various churches in Transylvania as long as they keep out of politics. Some travel to Hungary on the part of Transylvanian Hungarians has also been permitted with a 3-to 4 week waiting period. This appears to represent a measure of relaxation in a matter which has been a source of much resentment and ill feeling on the part of the Hungarian minority. The conclusion was that the Rumanian Government has been following a course aimed at reducing Hungarian cultural and nationalistic influence in the Transylvania region and assimilating Hungarians into the Rumanian population and reorienting the loyalties of ethnic Hungarians in Rumania toward the Rumanian state. 4 SECRET 6 WPO 100-421-FF SECRET The approach of the Rumanian Government in this extremely sensitive problem has in general been gradual and caufious, and the State Department found no evidence which would support allegations of genocide or of wholesale persecution toward the Hungarian minority in Transylvania. No formal diploroatic action on the matter appeared to be warranted by the State Department. US advised on [REDACTED] that the Transylvanian question arose at a meeting of the Hungarian Reformed Ministerial Association held during the summer of 1964 at Ligonier, Penn., and that further inquiry into the matter was assigned to the aforenoted Dr. STEPHEN M. BOSZORMENYI-BESSEMER, chairman of the Eastern District. (U) from [REDACTED] (U) The following additional information was obtained (U) The Hungarian-Transylvanian Society formerly was located in Cleveland, Ohio, but is now located in Detroit, Michigan, and may have an interest in and be active in supporting freedom for the Hungarians in Transylvania. An Independence Committee for Transylvania exists in Cleveland, Ohio [REDACTED) (U) 5 SECRET 7 WFO 100-421-FF New York, N.Y., has been active in demonstrations in that area concerning the question of Hungarians in Transylvania. (U) expressed the opinion that there are countless Hungarians in the U. S. interested in the oppressed minority in Rumania and who feel that Transylvania rightfully belongs to Hungary. (U) In order to ascertain the degree of activity in the U.S. on the part of Hungarians concerning the Transylvanian problem, it is suggested the following offices be directed by the Bureau to conduct interviews with individuals to determine the feeling of the particular individual concerning the Transylvanian question, the degree of activity in that area as well as nationwide. on This page is a declassified FBI memorandum from October 26, 1964, marked "CONFIDENTIAL" with a handwritten "X" over it. It contains extensive handwritten marginalia, including routing stamps, codes, and what appear to be agent notes, obscuring parts of the official text. There are also large, black redactions covering significant portions of the document's content, suggesting sensitive information. The bottom section shows what appears to be a partially filled-in form or log with handwritten entries, including dates and numerical codes. The document appears to be a declassified FBI report, marked with several "SECRET" stamps and an official identifier "WFO 100-421-FF." Large portions of the document are heavily redacted with black ink, obscuring significant amounts of text and possibly images. Handwritten annotations are visible, including a potential date or code "1/19/64" and numerical markings such as "(5)," "(U)," "3," and "5." A handwritten note "IX 16" is also present at the bottom of the page. The overall visual impression is one of a heavily censored and annotated internal government document, likely pertaining to sensitive intelligence or operations. U.S. on the part of Hungarians concerning the Transylvanian problem, it is suggested the following offices be directed by the Bureau to conduct interviews with individuals to determine the feeling of the particular individual concerning the Transylvanian question, the degree of activity in that area as well as nationwide. on the same question, and the existence of any organizations which may be active in this same matter. No information concerning the Bureau's -plans to utilize any individuals or organizations in COINTELPRO: would be revealed to any individual without prior direction from the Bureau. NEW HAVEN DIVISION NEW YORK DIVISION NEWARK DIVISION (U) (U) (U) CLEVELAND DIVISION (U) Obtain information concerning Independence Committee for Transylvania and the Hungarian-Transylvanian Society. DETROIT DIVISION - Ascertain information concerning Hungarian-Transylvanian Society. (U) TAMPA DIVISION Copies are furnished Chicago, Pittsburgh and Miami in view of their being centers of population for immigrants from Eastern European countries. (U) SCRRET --- --- [REDACTED] SECRET [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] [REDACTED] TRANSYLVANIA TRANSFIXED - A memorandum on the plight of the Hungarian minority in Rumania The western part of Rumania, the region known as Transylvania, is an area where several nationalities, each with its distinct language and culture, live together. The population of 6,200,000 is divided into 4,000,000 Rumanians, 1,600,000 Hun- garians, and 400,000 Germans settled in homogeneous blocks within which the language of the local minority has been used for many centuries as a matter of course. The Hungarian popu- lation, which makes up 26 percent of all Transylvanians, has lived there since the 10th century, well before the Rumanians began to settle in that area, and has developed very distinct historical and cultural traditions rooted in its language. When Transylvania became part of Rumania, the Rumanian govern- ment pledged to respect the rights to ethnic identity by all minorities. The Paris Peace Treaty of 1947 between the Allied Powers and Rumania explicitly states (Part II, Section 1, Para- graph 3) that all persons, without regard to language or faith, are entitled to all human rights and basic freedoms. Further- more, Rumania undertook the obligation not to discriminate among its citizens according to language, even if discrimination is based ostensibly on other factors such as property, social status, political and civil activities. These obligations were reaffirmed in the Rumanian Constitution of 1952 This document is a typed, multi-page memo with several "SECRET" stamps at the top and bottom, along with a handwritten "6" in the bottom right corner. There are no photographs, operational charts, or forms visible. The text discusses the Romanian government's policy towards Hungarians in Transylvania, suggesting a systematic effort to romanize the region. While the text is extensively annotated, only a few clear handwritten markings are visible, such as the "6" and some illegible scribbles near the top. The document does not provide any direct visual evidence of surveillance methods, informant communications, or targeting directives, relying solely on textual narrative. to all human rights and basic freedoms. Further- more, Rumania undertook the obligation not to discriminate among its citizens according to language, even if discrimination is based ostensibly on other factors such as property, social status, political and civil activities. These obligations were reaffirmed in the Rumanian Constitution of 1952 that created the Magyar Autonomous Region in the east- ern part of Transylvania, heavily populated by Hungarians. Section 82 affirms that all minorities can use their language freely and have education at all levels in their mother tongue; it states explicitly that in each area the official language, including the language of jurisdiction, must be the one most widely spoken. In Section 17, the constitution guarantees the rights of the ethnic minorities and the protection of their culture. These promises have not been respected by the Rumanian govern- ment. All oppressive measures practiced by communist regimes in general are particularly enforced against minorities, especially against the Hungarians. It is an undeniable fact that these are aimed at the forcible assimilation of the Hun- garian ethnic group into the Rumanian nation. The steps taken in this direction indicate that this purpose is pursued by dire discrimination on the basis of language and cultural heri- tage. The apparent intention is to exclude all Hungarians who do not declare themselves Rumanians from education, economy, culture and political activity. ju, FILTH-COMMA-ND-ND-NIO ```json [ {"box_2d": [61, 483, 84, 548], "text_content": "2"}, {"box_2d": [107, 179, 122, 442], "text_content": "Administrative Measures"}, {"box_2d": [125, 176, 336, 889], "text_content": "In 1960 the borders of the Magyar Autonomous Region were re-\ndrawn with the purpose to reduce the majority of Hungarians\nwithin this region from 79 to 64 percent, and at the same time\nthe area was renamed Mures-Magyar Autonomous Region. The\npolicy of industrialization was planned so as to facilitate\nthe influx of Rumanians from outside Transylvania to formerly\npure Hungarian areas in central and eastern Transylvania...\nWhile they brought in Rumanian workers from the outside, the\nauthorities went far to exclude the indigenous Hungarians from\nemployment in the new industrial enterprises by not granting\nthem permission to reside in the cities. More and more Hungar-\nians are forced to work in the Bucharest and Ploesti areas\nwhere their assimilation seems less difficult for the govern-\nment."}, {"box_2d": [345, 177, 361, 394], "text_content": "Political Prisoners"}, {"box_2d": [366, 175, 590, 894], "text_content": "Thousands of Hungarians are today still suffering in Rumanian\nprisons. A number of these people primarily intellectuals,\nclergymen and other persons of high work in the Bucharest and Ploesti areas\nwhere their assimilation seems less difficult for the govern-\nment."}, {"box_2d": [345, 177, 361, 394], "text_content": "Political Prisoners"}, {"box_2d": [366, 175, 590, 894], "text_content": "Thousands of Hungarians are today still suffering in Rumanian\nprisons. A number of these people primarily intellectuals,\nclergymen and other persons of high esteem, considered to be\npotential leaders of the Hungarians within their communities\nhad been sentenced during the Stalin era. Scores of new con-\nvictions were made following the Hungarian uprising of 1956.\nAt this time, large numbers of Hungarians, many of them young\npeople still in their teens, were rounded up and imprisoned by\nthe Rumanian government, for having \"sympathized\" with the\nrevolutionists in Hungary and for having, allegedly, tried to\ncontact them. Several of these were school children under the\nage of 17 at the time o